{"id":3420,"date":"2024-03-25T10:51:58","date_gmt":"2024-03-25T03:51:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dangngocduy.vn\/?p=3420"},"modified":"2024-03-25T10:51:58","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T03:51:58","slug":"chinas-ai-breakthrough-after-more-than-half-a-decade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dangngocduy.vn\/vi\/chinas-ai-breakthrough-after-more-than-half-a-decade\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 AI c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c sau h\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1eadp k\u1ef7"},"content":{"rendered":"
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AI l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong n\u0103m 2023 nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 6 n\u0103m, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn. Trong K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 13 n\u0103m 2016, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra \u201cK\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n AI th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi\u201d b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2017. Trong \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea1t \u201cb\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2025. v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201ctrung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi AI l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030, \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a AI tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kinh t\u1ebf. <\/p>\n

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\"More<\/source><\/picture><\/div>
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Minh h\u1ecda robot h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edch h\u1ee3p AI c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. H\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p: Ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/em><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thu h\u00fat nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p AI trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n AI. C\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch D\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u AI.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho ng\u00e0nh AI c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t n\u0103m 2022 c\u1ee7a Stanford, 78% ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 AI c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 35% ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AI.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh t\u00edch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Internet th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi 2020 cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11\/2020 t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh Chi\u1ebft Giang cho th\u1ea5y n\u0103m 2019, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 30.000 b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf<\/a> v\u1ec1 AI, t\u0103ng 52,4% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd m\u1edbi. C\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1978, M\u1ef9 m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o AI nh\u01b0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ti\u00ean phong trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c. N\u0103m 2017 \u2013 n\u0103m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t 20 tri\u1ec7u AI gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1<\/a> m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng an ninh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u00f9n t\u1eafc, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a mua s\u1eafm v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u bao g\u1ed3m DuerOS c\u1ee7a Baidu t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 loa th\u00f4ng minh; WeChat AI c\u1ee7a Tencent h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 thanh to\u00e1n di \u0111\u1ed9ng; SenseTime, Yitu Technology ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t an ninh th\u00f4ng minh, nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y t\u1ebf; iFlyTek v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m robotaxi \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh, V\u0169 H\u00e1n hay Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0i c\u00fa ch\u1ea1m tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh. Baidu v\u00e0 Pony.ai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh robotaxi v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh tranh so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. <\/p>\n

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\"Simulation<\/source><\/picture><\/div>
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M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI. H\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p: EPA-EFE<\/em><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

N\u0103m nay, trong th\u1eddi gian di\u1ec5n ra AI s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/a> g\u00e2y s\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 Baidu, Alibaba, ByteDance c\u0169ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tung ra c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1edbn (LLM) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3, Baidu ra m\u1eaft chatbot Ernie<\/a> . M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t Alibaba c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 Tongyi Qianwen<\/a> , \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 \u201cChatGPT phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d. SenseTime, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi SoftBank, c\u0169ng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1edbn SenseNova v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chatbot c\u00f3 t\u00ean SenseChat.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11, c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p AI Baichuan c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh AI t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd B\u1ea1ch Xuy\u00ean2-192k<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd kho\u1ea3ng 350.000 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng trong th\u00e1ng 11, 01.AI, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p do nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Lee Kai-Fu th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ef3 l\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 USD sau khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 LLM v\u1edbi t\u00ean Yi-34B. N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Meta's. l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbu<\/a> 2, nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd 100 t\u1ef7 tham s\u1ed1, l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi GPT-4 c\u1ee7a OpenAI, theo eo bi\u1ec3n<\/em> .<\/p>\n

Kai-Fu cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi GPT-4.<\/p>\n

Reuters<\/em> D\u1eabn l\u1eddi Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Baidu Robin Li cho bi\u1ebft, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 9, h\u01a1n 70 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Theo c\u00f4ng ty m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi CLSA, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 130 LLM, chi\u1ebfm 40% tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 sau M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n 50%. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c LLM d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh AI, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. Gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Thanh Hoa th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng chip AI m\u1edbi m\u1ea1nh g\u1ea5p 3,7 l\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Nvidia A100<\/a> trong c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ACCEL, con chip n\u00e0y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 quang t\u1eed trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c photon \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n

Theo m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 c\u1ef1u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chip k\u1ec3 SCMP<\/em> Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Thanh Hoa s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y Trung Qu\u1ed1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chip \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf chip \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chip AI m\u1edbi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. . Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n quang t\u1eed m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u0103m nay, ng\u00e0nh AI c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3. Nh\u1edd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh AI l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y\u201d, Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/em> d\u1eabn l\u1eddi chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp Liu Dingding.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o L\u00e2m<\/strong> <\/p>\n

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